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1. Explain the concepts behind “mechanism of action” and “therapeutic response” from medications for specific conditions
2. Summarize how a patient’s age and co-morbid conditions affect rehabilitation
3. Describe why prescribers may use medications “off-label” and the potential benefits and drawbacks of such use
4. Identify common side effects associated with drugs used to treat ADHD, autism, stroke, heart attack, diabetes, and other conditions
5. Interpret how to use a tool that will help your patient adhere to medication therapy
6. Summarize the logic behind using “foods that require a prescription” to treat certain health conditions

Brain chemistry and the role of neurotransmitters

• Mechanisms of drug action
• FDA approval process regarding indications, “off label” and “black box” warnings
• Issues of age and co-morbid conditions
• Medication compliance
• Tools you can use to understand your patients’ medication
• Risks vs. benefits of medications

Neurological Conditions

• Stroke
• Cerebral palsy
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Parkinson’s Disease

Spinal Cord Injuries

• Spina Bifida
• Drug effects on the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system

Cardiovascular Conditions

• Blood modifiers
• Dysrhythmia stabilizers
• “Lifestyle changes”
• Substance abuse potential
• Psychotherapist referral

Hypertension

• Blood pressure medications
• Potential side effects
• Falls
• Fainting
• Dietary concerns

Orthopædic Injuries

• The pharmacology of pain and inflammation
• Hip/shoulder/knee replacements
• Controversy about drugs for osteoporosis
• Side effects
• Abuse/misuse
• Addiction
• Withdrawal
• Overdose
• Non-compliance and rebound
• Gastrointestinal side effects

Mental Health Drugs

• Different classes of drugs, how they “work”, and different clinical uses
• Antidepressants to Alzheimer’s, with autism, anxiety, hot flashes, and psychosis in between
• Side effects and risk factors for the different classes of mental health drugs

ADHD

• The Stimulants
• Non-stimulants
• Medications previously used for blood pressure

Autism

• Behavioral medications
• Side effects that interfere with rehabilitation goals
• Cholesterol

Tom Smith, P.D., FASCP, LMHC, NCP, BCC, is a Doctor of Pharmacy, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, a Nationally Certified Psychologist, and a Board Certified Clinical Counselor. He holds academic appointments at Butler School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, the Saint Louis University School of Graduate Nursing, and the University of Phoenix. Tom is a Fellow of the American Society of Consulting Pharmacists.

Tom has spoken on Bipolar Disorder, the DSM-5®, and psychopharmacology throughout the United States. He is the author of Psychopharmacology Made Simple: A Primer, and he is internationally published on the topic of Aromatherapy.

Tom maintains an active private practice in Martinsville, Indiana, where he works with clients of all ages.

Speaker Disclosures:

Financial: Tom Smith maintains a private practice. He will address ‘off-label’ uses of commercial products. Mr. Smith is a speaker who receives an honorarium for PESI, Inc. He has no relevant financial relationships with ineligible organizations.

Non-financial: Tom Smith is nationally published on the Americans with Disabilities Act and receives no compensation.

For U.S. and Canadian customers, a CE test is available for $9.99 USD per participant. International CE rates may vary; please contact our Customer Service at 1-800-844-8260 for more details.

Listed below are the continuing education credit(s) currently available for this non-interactive self-study package. Please note, your state licensing board dictates whether self study is an acceptable form of continuing education. Please refer to your state rules and regulations.

Certificates of Successful Completion may be emailed, faxed or mailed to participants completing the post-test/evaluation and paying the CE fee.

**Materials that are included in this course may include interventions and modalities that are beyond the authorized practice of mental health professionals. As a licensed professional, you are responsible for reviewing the scope of practice, including activities that are defined in law as beyond the boundaries of practice in accordance with and in compliance with your professions standards.

All members of the PESI, Inc. planning committee have provided disclosures of financial relationships with ineligible organizations and any relevant non-financial relationships prior to planning content for this activity. None of the committee members had relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies or other potentially biasing relationships to disclose to learners. For speaker disclosures, please see the faculty biography.

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Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, and Clinical Nurse Specialists
This intermediate activity consists of 6.25 clock hours of continuing education instruction. Credit requirements and approvals vary per state board regulations. Please contact your licensing board to determine if they accept programs or providers approved by other national or state licensing boards. A certificate of attendance will be awarded at the end of the program to participants who are in full attendance and who complete the program evaluation.

California Nurses: PESI, Inc. is a provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider #:17118 for 6.0 self-study contact hours.

You will need to provide your license number to PESI. PESI must have this number on file in order for your hours to be valid.

Florida Nurses: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider by the Florida Board of Nursing. Provider #: FBN2858. These materials qualify for 6.0 self-study contact hours.

Iowa Nurses: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider by the Iowa Board of Nursing. Provider #: 346. Nurses successfully completing these self-study materials will earn 6.3 self-study contact hours.

Copies of the evaluation may be sent to the IBON. You will need to provide your license number to PESI. PESI must have this number on file in order for your hours to be valid.

Florida Occupational Therapists & Occupational Therapy Assistant: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider with the Florida Board of Occupational Therapy. Provider Number 50-399. This self-study course qualifies for 6.3 continuing education credits.

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Physical Therapists & Physical Therapist Assistants
This self-study course consists of 6.25 clock hours of instruction that is applicable for physical therapists. CE requirements for physical therapists vary by state/jurisdiction. Please retain the certificate of completion that you receive and use as proof of completion when required.

California Physical Therapists & Physical Therapist Assistants: PESI, Inc. is recognized by the Physical Therapy Board of California as an approval agency to approve providers. This self-study lecture qualifies for 6.25 continuing competency hours.

Illinois Physical Therapists & Physical Therapist Assistants: PESI, Inc. is a Registered Physical Therapy Continuing Education Sponsor through the State of Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation, Division of Professional Regulation. License #: 216.000270. This self-study course qualifies for 6.0 CE credit hours.

New York Physical Therapists & Physical Therapist Assistants: PESI, Inc. is recognized by the New York State Education Department, State Board for Physical Therapy as an approved provider for physical therapy and physical therapy assistant continuing education. This self-study course qualifies for 7.6 contact hours.

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Speech-Language Pathologists & Audiologists
This course contains 6.0 hours of self-study continuing education. It was not offered for ASHA CEUs. Please retain your certificate of completion. If audited for ASHA Certification Maintenance, you can submit this certificate of completion at that time. For state licensure, teacher certification renewal, or other credential renewal, contact those agencies for information about your reporting responsibilities and requirements.

California Speech-Language Pathologists/Audiologists: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider with the California Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Board, #PDP 319. This course meets the qualifications for 6.0 hours of self-study continuing professional development credit for Speech-Language Pathologists or Audiologists, as required by the California Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Board.

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Other Professions
This self-study activity qualifies for 6.25 clock hours of instructional content as required by many national, state and local licensing boards and professional organizations. Retain your certificate of completion and contact your board or organization for specific filing requirements.

Disclaimer: **Information obtained in this course should be used within your scope of practice.
**It is your ethical responsibility to report accurate hours to your licensing board.
**All self-study participants must complete and pass (80% or better) a post-test and evaluation prior to receiving a certificate of completion. If you require a copy of the test/evaluation for CE purposes, please print at the time you take the test. Or you may call our customer service department and a copy of your test/evaluation will be emailed to you. Please allow 30-45 days.

Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapists, Speech-Language Pathologists, Nurse Practitioners, Audiologists